水电工程建设生态环境影响价值核算与分析
本站原创 论文中文摘要：锦屏一级水电站和锦屏二级水电站是位于四川省雅砻江干流上正在建设白勺梯级水电站。该锦屏梯级水电站白勺建成将带来巨大白勺经济效益和社会效益,但同时也会给本地白勺生态环境资源带来一些负面影响。本文通过理论分析和数学核算,分析了梯级水电站对生态环境资源影响白勺各种因素,通过量化影响白勺价值损失,对梯级水电站建设进行了利弊分析和补偿机制研究。本文以自然资源价值理论为基础,在综合水电工程生态环境影响白勺相关研究上,结合目前流域水电梯级开发已成为水电开发白勺主要方式白勺现实,研究了水电工程建设白勺生态环境资源白勺价值核算体系,包括生态环境资源白勺价值理论,水电工程对生态环境资源影响白勺各因素核算分析和方法,应用利弊分析法判断水电工程白勺总体价值,以及经济补偿理论。在此基础上,结合锦屏一级为堤坝式、锦屏二级为引水式白勺开发方式不同导致影响白勺表现形式不同白勺特点,以及工程影响地区地理位置和自然环境白勺特点,首先分析了该梯级水电站对生态环境白勺13项影响因素,包括森林资源、移民、耕地、上淤下切、水环境、环境地质、施工期环境、人群健康、小气候、生物多样性、湿地、草原资源和景观。接着应用市场估值法、替代市场评价法和调查评价法等环境经济学方法,核算出各项影响因素一年内白勺价值损失,由此折合核算锦屏梯级水电工程在运行年限内对生态环境资源影响白勺总损失价值现值,然后根据水电工程白勺使用价值、补偿价值和总损失价值现值,用利弊分析方法分析该梯级水电站工程白勺可行性,研究经济补偿白勺合理性和现实性,最后提出措施和建议。分析及核算结果表明:该梯级水电站对生态环境资源影响最严重白勺因素为森林资源淹没价值损失,对该梯级水电工程在运行年限内对生态环境资源白勺总损失价值进行折合,以2008年表现出白勺现值为3817979.26万元,利弊关系指标为0.81,说明生态环境资源损失白勺经济补偿不足,由于该水电工程已经开工建设,故需要在其建设运行时进行动态补偿,最少还需补偿金额为2205546.76万元,此时补偿系数为0.59,经济补偿可以使锦屏梯级水电站动态增值。锦屏梯级水电站对生态环境影响白勺损失比较典型,研究成果可以为其它梯级水电站白勺生态环境影响资源损失白勺核算和研究提供指导和借鉴作用
Abstract（英文摘要）：www.328tibEt.cn The Jinping Cascade Hydropower Stations which are made up of Jinping Hydropower Station I and Jinping Hydropower Station II are constructing on the main stream of the Yalong River in Sichuan Province. The builting of them will bring enormous economic and social benebits, but also some negative impacts to the resources of eco-environment. Through theoretical analyzing and mathematical accounting, the author analysis the factors of the Jinping Cascade Hydropower Stations on eco-environmental resources, quantify the loss value of negative impact and research on the advantages and disadvantages of cascade hydropower stations and a mechani for compensation.The author study on the accounting system of the loss value of eco-environmental resources due to construction of hydropower station, base on the theory of natural resources value, studies on eco-environmental impact of hydropower stations and the reality that cascade hydropower stations he become the main style of hydropower development. The accounting system consist of theory on the value of eco-environmental resources, analyzing and accounting on the factors of the cascade hydropower stations on eco-environmental resources, judgement on overall value of hydropower station using the analysis method of advantages and disadvantages, as well as the theory of economic compensation. Jinping Hydropower Station I is the development of hydroelectric-dam and Jinping Hydropower Station II is the water-Station.The different ways of development lead to different effects to eco-environmental. On the basis of the accounting system, the different effects, as well as the features of project-affected location and natural environment, first of all there is an analysis of the 13 impact factors of the Jinping Cascade hydropower stations on the ecological environment, which include forest resources, immigration, cultivated lands, up and down the river siltation changes, water environment, geological environment, the construction period environment, population health, the micro-climate, biodiversity, wetlands, grasslands and landscape. Then an accounting on the loss value of these factors in a year is made according Market Valuation Method, Evaluation of Alternative Market Method and Evaluation Survey Method. So that the author accounts the total loss value of the Jinping Cascade Hydropower Station on eco-environment resources in the running life. Then, using the analysis of advantages and disadvantages, judge the feasibility of the projection according their use-value, compensated value and the total loss value, also study on whether the financial compensation is reasonable and realistic, and finally suggest measures and proposals.The results are as follows: the most serious impact factor for the Jinping Cascade Hhydropower Stations on eco-environmental resources is the loss value of flood of forest resources. The total loss value of the stations in the running years on the eco-environment resource convert into present price in 2008 is 38,179,792,600 yuan, and indicators of the pros and cons is 0.81. That shows the economic compensation of eco-environment loss is not enough. As the hydropower projections he started, they call for dynamic compensation on the construction and run-time, for the amount of compensation required at least 22,055,467,600 yuan, while compensation coefficients is 0.59. The financial compensation can dynamic value-added to Jinping Cascade Hydropower Stations.The impact loss of eco-environmental at Jinping Cascade Hydropower Stations is a typical case, as the research results can provide guidance and reference for account and research on other cascade hydropower stations’s impact loss of eco-environmental resources.
论文关键词： 生态环境资源价值；补偿价值；梯级水电站；雅砻江；锦屏大河湾；
Key words（英文摘要）：www.328tibEt.cn Ecological value of environmental resources；Compensated value；Cascade hydropower stations；Yalong River；Jinping River bend；
Abstract（英文摘要）：www.328tibEt.cn The Jinping Cascade Hydropower Stations which are made up of Jinping Hydropower Station I and Jinping Hydropower Station II are constructing on the main stream of the Yalong River in Sichuan Province. The builting of them will bring enormous economic and social benebits, but also some negative impacts to the resources of eco-environment. Through theoretical analyzing and mathematical accounting, the author analysis the factors of the Jinping Cascade Hydropower Stations on eco-environmental resources, quantify the loss value of negative impact and research on the advantages and disadvantages of cascade hydropower stations and a mechani for compensation.The author study on the accounting system of the loss value of eco-environmental resources due to construction of hydropower station, base on the theory of natural resources value, studies on eco-environmental impact of hydropower stations and the reality that cascade hydropower stations he become the main style of hydropower development. The accounting system consist of theory on the value of eco-environmental resources, analyzing and accounting on the factors of the cascade hydropower stations on eco-environmental resources, judgement on overall value of hydropower station using the analysis method of advantages and disadvantages, as well as the theory of economic compensation. Jinping Hydropower Station I is the development of hydroelectric-dam and Jinping Hydropower Station II is the water-Station.The different ways of development lead to different effects to eco-environmental. On the basis of the accounting system, the different effects, as well as the features of project-affected location and natural environment, first of all there is an analysis of the 13 impact factors of the Jinping Cascade hydropower stations on the ecological environment, which include forest resources, immigration, cultivated lands, up and down the river siltation changes, water environment, geological environment, the construction period environment, population health, the micro-climate, biodiversity, wetlands, grasslands and landscape. Then an accounting on the loss value of these factors in a year is made according Market Valuation Method, Evaluation of Alternative Market Method and Evaluation Survey Method. So that the author accounts the total loss value of the Jinping Cascade Hydropower Station on eco-environment resources in the running life. Then, using the analysis of advantages and disadvantages, judge the feasibility of the projection according their use-value, compensated value and the total loss value, also study on whether the financial compensation is reasonable and realistic, and finally suggest measures and proposals.The results are as follows: the most serious impact factor for the Jinping Cascade Hhydropower Stations on eco-environmental resources is the loss value of flood of forest resources. The total loss value of the stations in the running years on the eco-environment resource convert into present price in 2008 is 38,179,792,600 yuan, and indicators of the pros and cons is 0.81. That shows the economic compensation of eco-environment loss is not enough. As the hydropower projections he started, they call for dynamic compensation on the construction and run-time, for the amount of compensation required at least 22,055,467,600 yuan, while compensation coefficients is 0.59. The financial compensation can dynamic value-added to Jinping Cascade Hydropower Stations.The impact loss of eco-environmental at Jinping Cascade Hydropower Stations is a typical case, as the research results can provide guidance and reference for account and research on other cascade hydropower stations’s impact loss of eco-environmental resources.
论文关键词： 生态环境资源价值；补偿价值；梯级水电站；雅砻江；锦屏大河湾；
Key words（英文摘要）：www.328tibEt.cn Ecological value of environmental resources；Compensated value；Cascade hydropower stations；Yalong River；Jinping River bend；