新会计准则对会计信息相关性影响实证分析

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论文中文摘要:中国财政部是会计准则的制定机构,为了与国际会计准则接轨,更好的发挥我国经济在国际社会中的作用,我国对原有会计准则进行了修订,同时,也制定出了一些新的准则,于2006年2月15日正式对外公布了新的《企业会计准则》(以下简称新准则),新准则体系包括1项基本准则与38项具体准则,并于自2007年1月1日起率先在上市公司范围内实施。新准则要求企业提供的财务报告应该能够反应企业管理层受托责任的履行情况,同时,也要符合会计信息使用者的信息需求,向其提供决策有用的信息,这也是基本准则中所规定的财务报告的目标所在。本文首先回顾了国内外学者对会计信息相关性的研究成果,同时也对我国学者在会计信息质量和价值相关性方面实证研究及研究成果进行了简单的归纳与总结,随后对新准则的体系内容进行了解析,从理论角度对准则的变化进行梳理,重点探讨新准则对会计信息相关性的影响,在理论分析的基础上,选取我国沪深两市上市公司的财务报表数据为样本进行实证研究,建立股票与每股收益、每股净资产的回归模型,由于新准则从2007年1月1日起实施,所以本文选取2004--2008年财务报表的数据,把新准则实施前后财务报表数据的相关性进行对比,进行实证检验,从全部样本的回归模型来看,新准则实施后,会计信息与股票的相关性确实有所提高,这也证实了新准则有助于提高会计信息相关性的假设
Abstract(英文摘要): Chinese Ministry of Finance is the formulation organization about accounting standards, in order to trail connection for international accounting standards, for develops our country economy in international society better,our country has carried on the revision to the original accounting standards, Simultaneously, also formulated some new standards, in Februay 15th,2006,Ministry of Finance officially released a new serises of enterprise financial standard system, which including 1 basic standard and 38 concrete standard,and be put in practice from the time of January 1st,2007. The new standard request enterprise provides financial report should response enterprise superintendent’s duty fulfillment situation, simultaneously satiied accounting information user’s information need, supplies the policy-making useful information to it, this is also financial report goal in basic standard.Accounting information relevance is the business finance reported that provides the accounting information quality the essential requirements, is causes in the financial report to supply the accounting information the essential feature which useful should he to the information user decision-making, our country accounting standards he experienced several significant tranormations, in 2006 promulgates the new accounting standards he the milestone-like significance, this historical tranormation will he in the great degree to the financial reporting data to change, the introduction sound value measurement attribute, has established the property debt apparent core status, this will be the new criterion promotes the accounting information relevant important performance, simultaneously, for the better protection investor’s benefit, the request financial report will disclose accountant fully the related information, so that the investor will be able to use this information to make the investment decision. Some enterprises use lack the scientific accounting process, causes some economic efficiency bad company to mount "the place of refinement" through the packing, has harassed the capital market normal order, also has misled the investor, in our country capital market environment still in mature the insufficiently situation, accountant the corrupting practices case also emerged one after another incessantly, this affected the accounting information relevance. The new accounting standards’ implementation enables traditional the profit operation behior to be under the active control, adjusted the profit for the enterprise using the accounting policy choice to bring invariably, the standard and the control enterprise artificial operation profit, caused the enterprise to plaster the operating results the behior to drop, enhanced the accounting information relevance greatly.Although the new criterion realized has hastened with the international accounting standards with, also had considered fully our country special economic environment and the accountant environment, could the more effective standard accountancy order, enhance the accounting information in investor decision-making process usefulness. But while affirmed that the new criterion, we must see deficiency. The new criterion has entrusted with business management level more accountants the option, the partial criterion’s implementation difficulty is quite big, accountant the elastic space is getting bigger and bigger, in confirms and in the measurement process many relies on the management or accounting personnels’ subjective judgment, this has increased to a certain extent also the implementation difficulty. Obviously the new accounting standards’ promulgation and the implementation are a double-edged sword, although has the milestone-like significance, but has also brought some new questions, accountant decides after deliberation the power to enlarge freely, has more options, like this causes the new criterion the implementation difficulty coefficient to enlarge, relies on Yu the accounting personnels subjective judgment.Our country accounting standards’formulation and the revision are meet the economic development need, to enhance the accounting information the relevance, the criterion formulation organization was also our country Ministry of Finance has made the important contributions, very good has suppressed the traditional profit operation method through the new criterion’s implementation, this certainly will he the positive influence to Our country Enterprise’s accounting information. Our country new accounting standards’ implementation, will enable the business finance transparency to he the enhancement, the accounting information relevance will also enhance, the financial accounting report user to was related the accounting information the demand also to be able to obtain to a certain extent has satiied. But simultaneously we must sober realizing, any system, laws and regulations releasing is not very perfect, the new criterion also so, it also has certain unsatiactory places, although these malpractices will he certain negative influence temporarily to the accounting information relevance, but along with crawl, will abuse the accounting standards to establish the accounting information the behior to obtain contains effectively, in the accounting information relevant short-term will come under the influence, this perhaps was accountant reforms the price which in the reform process must pay inevitably.The new accounting standards system is by the basic maxim, the concrete criterion and an organic whole which is composed using the guide three parts, it stressed that the high grade accounting information the supplies and the demand are cores, has highlighted the financial report to the information need policy-making usefulness, tries to make is related, the more valuable accounting information, realizes the innovation, the breakthrough and the spanning in the top level. After new criterion issue, has caused the community the widespread attention, the domestic scholar separately from the criterion formulation stratification plane, our country criterion and the international financial report hastened the same degree, our country criterion quality appraisal and so on various aspects to carry on the discussion, has made the very good progress. This also full explanation our country accountant academic circle criterion research value degree.This article first reviewed the domestic and foreign scholars to the accounting information relevant research results, simultaneously also has carried on the simple induction and the summary to our country scholars in the accounting information quality and the value relevant aspect empirical study and the research results, afterward from our country accounting standards (system) the vicissitude is the breakthrough point, has carried on the analysis to the new criterion’s system content, carries on from the theory angle to the criterion change combs, discusses the new criterion with emphasis to the accounting information relevant influence, in theoretical analysis’s foundation, has continued to use the tradition about the accounting information relevant inspection procedure, selects our country Shanghai and Shenzhen two city A To be listed’s financial reporting data to conduct the empirical study for the sample, establishes the stock price and accountant the earnings, each net assets regression model. Because the new criterion implements from January 1,2007, therefore this article selects 2004-2008 year financial reporting the correlation data, the financial reporting data’s relevance carries on the contrast the new criterion implementation around, carries on the analysis to the real diagnosis result, looking from the entire sample’s descriptive statistical analysis, the stock price and the property scale, the profit level change tendency basic same, the market responds and the financial information has the incidence relation, looking from the return result analysis, in the model each net assets (BVt) the coefficient adopted the examination in the high level, indicated that each net assets (BVt) has the remarkable(MVt) influence to the stock market value, although earnings variable(EARNt) is not remarkable to the stock market value, but in view of the fact that the earnings variable also high level adopted the significance examination in 2007, therefore, this article real diagnosis result has confirmed this article supposition: Namely the new criterion’s implementation enhanced accountant the earnings information relevance and the net assets relevance.
论文关键词: 会计准则;会计信息;相关性;
Key words(英文摘要): accounting standards;accounting information;relevance;