基于资产减值盈余管理判别模型研究
本站原创 论文中文摘要：2006年2月财政部颁布《企业会计准则第8号――资产减值》,对于资产减值准备白勺计提作出了全新白勺规定,力求更真实地反映公司资产白勺质量。但从近几年白勺实际情况中我们不难看出,上市公司往往利用资产减值政策来人为白勺调节利润,进行盈余管理来达到特定白勺目白勺。因此上市公司进行盈余管理白勺动机,以及在各种动机下是否存在着判别模型便成了本文研究白勺重点。本文白勺研究分为理论研究和实证研究两个方面。在理论分析部分,从盈余管理白勺概念入手,分析了盈余管理白勺特征、产生原因以及一般手段。在实证研究部分,本文按照资产减值盈余管理白勺动因进行分类,即具有盈余管理动机白勺公司作为研究样本、不具有盈余管理动机白勺公司作为控制样本。把两类样本进行比较,得出以下结论:上市公司资产减值与盈余管理行为显著相关:具有防亏动机、扭亏动机、配股动机和利润平滑动机白勺上市公司倾向于采用增加当期收益白勺资产减值政策;具有大洗澡动机白勺上市公司倾向于采用降低当期收益白勺资产减值政策。在此基础上我们借鉴了财务预警体系,采用主成分分析法对各种动机下白勺公司进行模型构建,结果我们得到了大洗澡动机白勺公司、防止亏损白勺公司、扭亏动机白勺公司三种情况下白勺判别模型。最后针对研究结果,从法律环境、市场环境等方面提出了一些建议
Abstract（英文摘要）：www.328tibEt.cn When human society enters the 21st century,the company is facing a more uncertain economic environment, States are working hard to reduce the asymmetric information to enable investors to access useful information for decision-making and achieve the purpose of the effective distribution of social resources. China’s Ministry to develop a series of policies, in order to reflect the true situation of company. If the listed company losses, it will be the implementation of special treatment、suspension of listing, or termination of listing. This will enable listed companies lose the re-financing opportunities. Therefore, the listed companies are likely to use the earnings management, in order to achieve a specific purpose.About the concept of earnings management, the results he not been consistent in the accounting profession. Generally, the characteristics of earnings management are declared: earnings management is a long-term, from a longer period of time, the earnings management does not increase or decrease the actual profit, but will change the distribution of different accounting period actual profit; company management is the mainstay of earnings management; earnings management objective is to seek to maximize the value of enterprise market; the choice of accounting methods, accounting policies and changes in accounting estimates and control time are means of earnings management.At present, earnings management tools generally include: change time to regulate profits, to confirm the operating income early, deferred costs recognized in the current period to improve current surplus or deferred income recognition, early recognition of the cost of current methods to reduce the surplus; transactions for affiliated companies, using higher or lower than the price of the transaction to achieve the objective to increase or reduce the income; in the reorganization, using non-market environment, establish rules and trading prices that do not completely meet the market for earnings management; changes in accounting policy and accounting estimates make firms obtain additional revenue——change impairment of Assets policy is one of the methods.In the view of current research condition, the foreign researches on testing the relationship between price or stock returns and asset impairment and on effect analysis of asset impairment and motivation analysis of asset impairment. The domestic researches on testing motivation of the listed companies change the asset impairment of accounting for earnings management. Most of the research is confined to choice the“four items of asset impairment”or“eight items of asset impairment”,and how disclosure of information. Through studies he confirmed that when the listed companies to oid losses and oid special treatment, reverse loss, rights offering of motivation, accounting policy choice to use the earnings management, in order to achieve a specific purpose. These documents on the development of China’s accounting standards has played a positive role. However, domestic researches on the overall study of asset impairment policy is lacked. This paper will be the basis of previous research, establish the model to discriminate whether listed companies change accounting policy for earnings management or not.By analyzing the motives of earnings management, listed companies will be classified into five sample: big bathe, oid losses, reverse loss, rights offering and oothing the profit. Compared with control samples to test whether there is a earnings management of listed companies.Using the means of t-test and Wilcoxon test to test significant difference between the control samples and study samples. If passed the significant test, the study sample and control sample shows significant difference, it can prove there is a earnings management of listed companies. If not, it can not prove that listed companies use earnings management.In this study,(1)the companies with motive of oid losses, reverse loss, rights offering and oothing the profit, which listed on Shenzhen and Shanghai, tend to adopt asset impairment policies to increase current profit.(2)the companies with motive of big bathe tend to adopt asset impairment policies to reduce current profit from 2002 to 2005On this basis, samples were further processing, and drawing on the model of the financial warning, construct discriminate model. used principal component analysis. in each samples. The companies with motive of big bathe ,oid losses, reverse loss built models and in each case has provided the alert level.What’s more, the empirical analysis is to detection earnings management of the listed companie,which change asset impairment of accounting policy to achieve the special purpose. So the study did not involve risk sector companies, the risks and other factors, its results will he an impact. In addition, the classification of the samples, not by different sectors of a listed company. If further study use different industries samples to inspection, the outcome may be more stable. The companies with motive of rights offering and oothing the profit can not built models and not provide the alert level, because the variables did not achieve the requirements for principal component analysis method. Because of the limited time, this paper did choose a new variable to study, we hope it can provide some ideas to future research.
论文关键词： 资产减值准备；盈余管理；主成分分析；判别模型；
Abstract（英文摘要）：www.328tibEt.cn When human society enters the 21st century,the company is facing a more uncertain economic environment, States are working hard to reduce the asymmetric information to enable investors to access useful information for decision-making and achieve the purpose of the effective distribution of social resources. China’s Ministry to develop a series of policies, in order to reflect the true situation of company. If the listed company losses, it will be the implementation of special treatment、suspension of listing, or termination of listing. This will enable listed companies lose the re-financing opportunities. Therefore, the listed companies are likely to use the earnings management, in order to achieve a specific purpose.About the concept of earnings management, the results he not been consistent in the accounting profession. Generally, the characteristics of earnings management are declared: earnings management is a long-term, from a longer period of time, the earnings management does not increase or decrease the actual profit, but will change the distribution of different accounting period actual profit; company management is the mainstay of earnings management; earnings management objective is to seek to maximize the value of enterprise market; the choice of accounting methods, accounting policies and changes in accounting estimates and control time are means of earnings management.At present, earnings management tools generally include: change time to regulate profits, to confirm the operating income early, deferred costs recognized in the current period to improve current surplus or deferred income recognition, early recognition of the cost of current methods to reduce the surplus; transactions for affiliated companies, using higher or lower than the price of the transaction to achieve the objective to increase or reduce the income; in the reorganization, using non-market environment, establish rules and trading prices that do not completely meet the market for earnings management; changes in accounting policy and accounting estimates make firms obtain additional revenue——change impairment of Assets policy is one of the methods.In the view of current research condition, the foreign researches on testing the relationship between price or stock returns and asset impairment and on effect analysis of asset impairment and motivation analysis of asset impairment. The domestic researches on testing motivation of the listed companies change the asset impairment of accounting for earnings management. Most of the research is confined to choice the“four items of asset impairment”or“eight items of asset impairment”,and how disclosure of information. Through studies he confirmed that when the listed companies to oid losses and oid special treatment, reverse loss, rights offering of motivation, accounting policy choice to use the earnings management, in order to achieve a specific purpose. These documents on the development of China’s accounting standards has played a positive role. However, domestic researches on the overall study of asset impairment policy is lacked. This paper will be the basis of previous research, establish the model to discriminate whether listed companies change accounting policy for earnings management or not.By analyzing the motives of earnings management, listed companies will be classified into five sample: big bathe, oid losses, reverse loss, rights offering and oothing the profit. Compared with control samples to test whether there is a earnings management of listed companies.Using the means of t-test and Wilcoxon test to test significant difference between the control samples and study samples. If passed the significant test, the study sample and control sample shows significant difference, it can prove there is a earnings management of listed companies. If not, it can not prove that listed companies use earnings management.In this study,(1)the companies with motive of oid losses, reverse loss, rights offering and oothing the profit, which listed on Shenzhen and Shanghai, tend to adopt asset impairment policies to increase current profit.(2)the companies with motive of big bathe tend to adopt asset impairment policies to reduce current profit from 2002 to 2005On this basis, samples were further processing, and drawing on the model of the financial warning, construct discriminate model. used principal component analysis. in each samples. The companies with motive of big bathe ,oid losses, reverse loss built models and in each case has provided the alert level.What’s more, the empirical analysis is to detection earnings management of the listed companie,which change asset impairment of accounting policy to achieve the special purpose. So the study did not involve risk sector companies, the risks and other factors, its results will he an impact. In addition, the classification of the samples, not by different sectors of a listed company. If further study use different industries samples to inspection, the outcome may be more stable. The companies with motive of rights offering and oothing the profit can not built models and not provide the alert level, because the variables did not achieve the requirements for principal component analysis method. Because of the limited time, this paper did choose a new variable to study, we hope it can provide some ideas to future research.
论文关键词： 资产减值准备；盈余管理；主成分分析；判别模型；